Nancowry Island
Native name: Mūöt Nickname: Nankovri | |
|---|---|
  Nancowry Island  Nancowry Island | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Bay of Bengal |
| Coordinates | 7°59′N 93°33′E / 7.98°N 93.55°E |
| Archipelago | Nicobar Islands |
| Adjacent to | Indian Ocean |
| Area | 47 km2 (18 sq mi)[1] |
| Length | 11.2 km (6.96 mi) |
| Width | 7.5 km (4.66 mi) |
| Coastline | 47 km (29.2 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 162 m (531 ft) |
| Administration | |
| District | Nicobar |
| Island group | Nicobar Islands |
| Subdivisions of India | Nancowry Subdivision |
| Taluk | Nancowry tehsil |
| Largest settlement | Mayo (Malacca) Point (pop. 516) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 1019 (2011) |
| Pop. density | 21.7/km2 (56.2/sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | Hindu, Nicobarese |
| Additional information | |
| Time zone | |
| PIN | 744301 |
| Telephone code | 03192 |
| ISO code | IN-AN-00[2] |
| Official website | www |
| Literacy | 84.4% |
| Avg. summer temperature | 32.0 °C (89.6 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 28.0 °C (82.4 °F) |
| Sex ratio | ♂/♀ |
| Census Code | 35.638.0002 |
| Official Languages | Hindi, English, Tamil Nancowry (regional) |
Nancowry (Nancowry language: Mūöt, Hindi: नन्कोव्री Nankovrī) is an island in the central part of the Nicobar Islands chain, located in the northeast Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
History
[edit]In 1755, the government of Denmark formally claimed sovereignty over Nicobars, under the name of Frederiksøerne ("Frederik Islands") and encouraged a mission established by the Moravian Brethren of Herrnhut. The Danes established a short-lived colony on the island which they named Ny Sjælland ("New Zealand").[3]
Along with Kamorta Island, which lies just to the north, Nancowry Island forms the "magnificent land-locked" Nancowry Harbour,[4] used by European sailors since at least the 17th century and described as "one of the safest natural harbours in the world" ([2]). The harbour was apparently used as a base for piracy; in 1868, the British Navy entered the harbour in some force, destroying suspected pirate ships.[5][6][7]
2004 tsunami
[edit]The island, like many others in the Nicobar and Andaman islands, was severely affected by tsunamis generated by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. According to reports from the Andaman and Nicobar Inspector General of Police, S.B. Deol, the Nancowry group of islands were among the worst-hit islands in the chain, with thousands missing and presumed dead.[8] Post-tsunami satellite photos,[9][10] and government situation reports indicate that while portions of Nancowry Island were affected, the adjoining islands of Katchall and Kamorta were more severely overrun. As of January 18, 2005, the government reported only 1 dead and 3 missing from Nancowry island, but 51 dead and 387 missing from Kamorta, and 345 dead and 4310 missing from Katchall.[11]
Geography
[edit]Nancowry Island has an area of 47 km², and located 160 km south-southeast of Car Nicobar, the northernmost Nicobar island. Nancowry, like the Nicobar islands generally, is under the sovereignty of the nation of India. It is also part of the Nicobar and Andaman Tribal Reserve Area, which bars non-native people from visiting or conducting business on the island without permission in hopes of preserving the threatened native communities that live there.[12]
People, Culture and Religion
[edit]Nancowry Island, part of the southern islands in the central Nicobar group, holds significant importance. Its inhabitants, the Nicobarese, have a lifestyle deeply connected to nature. Their diet primarily includes sea fish, wild pigs, edible roots, coconuts, bananas, and pandanus. However, noticeable changes are taking place due to frequent contact with the mainlanders. The Andaman & Nicobar Administration recently unveiled a development draft for Nancowry and nine other islands. These plans aim to preserve ecosystems while promoting sustainable tourism infrastructure, incorporating maps that designate areas for eco-tourism, conservation, and business activities.[3]
The Nicobarese family on Nancowry Island typically consists of a husband, wife, and children, though extended family members like cousins and distant relatives are often part of the household. Each member plays a vital role in the community's social and economic welfare. Traditionally, the Nicobarese practiced animism and held beliefs in spirits. However, exposure to Christianity and increased interaction with mainlanders have gradually influenced and transformed their ancestral beliefs.[13]
Climate
[edit]The island features undulating meadows and hilly, grass-covered terrain. Sea breezes help to moderate its tropical climate. The typical temperature ranges between 23°C and 30°C, or roughly 70°F and 80°F. An average of 3,000 to 3,800 mm of rain falls on the area each year; the monsoon seasons—the northeast monsoon from October to December and the southwest monsoon from May to September—bring more rainfall.
| Climate data for Nancowry Island (1981–2010, extremes 1952–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.4 (93.9) |
36.4 (97.5) |
35.6 (96.1) |
39.2 (102.6) |
38.6 (101.5) |
34.1 (93.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
33.0 (91.4) |
34.7 (94.5) |
36.2 (97.2) |
34.1 (93.4) |
36.0 (96.8) |
39.2 (102.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.0 (86.0) |
29.9 (85.8) |
30.2 (86.4) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.0 (87.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.2 (75.6) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.4 (75.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
18.2 (64.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
19.2 (66.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
17.8 (64.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 69.8 (2.75) |
52.8 (2.08) |
52.1 (2.05) |
98.3 (3.87) |
317.5 (12.50) |
242.1 (9.53) |
233.5 (9.19) |
208.3 (8.20) |
264.3 (10.41) |
276.2 (10.87) |
313.0 (12.32) |
193.4 (7.61) |
2,321.3 (91.39) |
| Average rainy days | 4.5 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.5 | 9.0 | 121.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 80 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 82 | 83 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[14][15] | |||||||||||||
Administration
[edit]The island belongs to Nancowry tehsil of the township of Nancowry.[16]
Image gallery
[edit]-
Map -
Malacca village 1870 -
Rajput Regiment on patrol during World War II
References
[edit]- ^ "Islandwise Area and Population – 2011 Census" (PDF). Government of Andaman. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-28. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
- ^ Registration Plate Numbers added to ISO Code
- ^ Röepstorff, Frederik Adolph de (1875). "Vocabulary of Dialects Spoken in the Nicobar and Andaman Isles, with a Short Account of the Natives, Their Customs and Habits, and of Previous Attempts at Colonisation".
- ^ Temple, Richard Carnac (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 661.
- ^ Saini, Ajay (7 January 2018). "The pirates of Nicobar". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
- ^ "Three Minute Problem". Archived from the original on 2004-06-10. Retrieved 2004-12-31.
- ^ "Nancowry Island in Andaman and Nicobar, Information of Nancowry Island". www.indiatravelnext.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2004-12-30.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Isles: Satellite pictures of Tsunami 2004 from India's satellites". 28 December 2004.
- ^ [1][permanent dead link]
- ^ "Situation Report 35 - 1200 HRS 18.01.2005". Archived from the original on 2005-01-26. Retrieved 2005-01-26.
- ^ "Legal formalities and entry details of Andaman & Nicobar Islands". Archived from the original on 2005-01-04. Retrieved 2004-12-30.
- ^ Kumar, Shrawan (1985). "The people of Nancowry Island: Their changing condition". Human Science. 34: 138–145.
- ^ "Station: Nancowry Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 533–534. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- ^ "Tehsils" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-28. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
- Space Shuttle Photo of Nancowry and surrounding islands (courtesy Earth Sciences and Image Analysis, NASA-Johnson Space Center). Nancowry is the island on the bottom right. Adjoining it, with Nancowry Harbour between, is Camorta (Kamorta) Is. to the north (up) and Katchall Is. to the west (left).
- Government of the Andaman and Nicobar Union Territory (tsunami damage page)
- Andaman and Nicobar Police
- "Nicobar Islands rain forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
- M.V.R. Murti, et al., Evaluation of Coral Systems through Remote Sensing – A case study in Nicobar Islands, India, presented at Poster Session 2, ACRS 1991. Includes various close-up line maps of the Nancowry group.
- Before-and-after satellite photos of Katchall island
Andaman and Nicobar Islands travel guide from Wikivoyage
